動詞的時態和語態2

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1、中國首家中國首家新課標免費新課標免費資源網（資源網（不必注冊，免費下載不必注冊，免費下載）請記住我們的網址：請記住我們的網址：1.“Do you think he is lazy?”“I _ so once,but I dont now.”A.may have thoughtB.can have thoughtC.may think D.might think2.Their answers are exactly the same one of them _ from the other.A.must copy B.must have copiedC.should copy D.should

2、have copied1.【分析】【分析】答案選A。從答話人的語境可知，空格處的意思“曾經這樣想過”，即對過去情況作推測，故應用“情態動詞+動詞完成式”；又因為 can 表推測不用于肯定句，故選A。2.答案選B，既然兩人的答案完全一樣，說明“抄襲”已經發生，故用“情態動詞+動詞完成式”，根據句意，應選B而不能選D might have done&may have done 對過去推測對過去推測1.might是是may的過去式的過去式 2.might 更委婉更委婉 3.might have done 比比 may have done 可能性更小可能性更小 1.Book4 m6 May&might

3、+have 可能性2.Book 5 module1-4（1）Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea,which _ the Pacific,and we met no storms.（2005遼寧）遼寧）Awas called Bis called Chad been called Dhas been called（2）The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _ to eat more fruit and

4、vegetables.（2004上海）上海）A.persuade B.will persuade C.be persuaded D.are persuaded（3）With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth _ each year.（2005山東）山東）A.is washing away B.is being washed awayC.are washing away D.are being washed away【點撥】考例（1）定語從句中表達的是客觀事實，現行詞和定語從句之間是動賓關系，故用一般現在時的被動

5、語態?？祭?）主句是一般將來時，其后條件狀語從句應用一般現在時表示將來，從句主語和謂語之間是動賓關系，故也用一般現在時的被動語態，選BD?！军c撥】3.此題考查了時態、語態和主謂一致兩個方面。從前面的with復合結構可以看出句子應用現在進行時，earth和wash away之間是動賓關系，故用現在進行時的被動語態。（huge）quantities of 作定語修飾的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞與quantities保持一致，用復數，與所修飾的名詞無關，故選D。（4）Millions of pounds worth of damage _by a storm which swept across th

6、e north of England last nigh.（2005重慶）Ahas been caused Bhad been caused Cwill be caused Dwill have been caused 5）The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ by 2006.（2004北京）A.has been completed B.has completedC.will have been completed D.will have completed(6)Only

7、when your identity has been checked,_.（2003上海）Ayou are allowed in Byou will be allowed in Cwill you allow in Dwill you be allowed in【點撥】考例（4）強調對現在的影響或結果，damage是不可數名詞，謂語動詞只能用第三人稱單數，和cause之間是動賓關系，故用現在完成時的被動語態，故選故選A?！军c撥】5 從介詞短語by 2006可以看出該題表示將來某個時間要完成的動作，construction work和動詞complete之間是動賓關系，故用將來完成時的被動語態

8、，選選C?！军c撥】6 時間狀語從句是一般現在時，主句應用一般將來時，主語和謂語之間是動賓關系，only跟時間狀語從句或介詞短語時，句子要用倒裝語序，故選故選D。（7）The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _ placed under the Ministers car.（2005廣東）A.has been B.was being C.had been D.would be（8）More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study med

9、icine last year.（2005上海）A.sent B.were sent C.had sent D.had been sent（9）Why did you leave that position?（2005北京）I _ a better position at IBM.A.offer B.offered C.am offered D.was offered(10)Be careful when you cross this very busy street.If not,you may _run over by a car.(2002北京)A.have B.get C.become

10、 D.turn（11）Sarah,hurry up.Im afraid you wont have time to _before the party.(2004全國卷二)A.get changed B.get change C.get changing D.get to change【點撥】考例（7）從主句可以看出，place這個動作發生在主句動詞catch所表示的動作之前，先行詞和place之間是動賓關系，故用過去完成時的被動語態，選選C?！军c撥】考例（8）中有明顯的過去時間狀語last year,考例（9）雖然沒有明顯的時間狀語，但從問句的時態可以看出，offer這動作也是發生在過去，兩

11、考例中的主語和謂語動詞之間都是動賓關系，故用一般過去時的被動語態，選選BD?！军c撥】考例（10）中四個選項中只有B項的get可以和后面的過去分詞短語run over構成被動語態；考例（11）中主語和get changed之間不構成被動關系，故選故選BA。1.-Where _you_ the key?I _ it yet.A.did,put;didnt find B.did,put;havent foundC.have,put;havent found D.have,put;didnt find2.-Oh,its you!I _ you.NMET97 上海 19題-Ive just had my

12、 hair cut and Im wearing new glasses.didnt recognize B.hadnt recognizedC.havent recognized D.dont recognize 3.-Do you know our town at all?-No,this is the first time I _ here.NMET 92A.was B.have been C.came D.have gone4.She _ Robert for a year.NMET84 A.married B.married with C.has been marrying D.ha

13、s been married to5.NMET 1997 第10題 I first met Lisa three years ago.She _ at a radio shop at the time.A.has worked B.was working C.had been working D.had workedBABDB 6 Shirley _ a book about China last year,but I dont know whether she has finished it.NMET 1998第 20題 A.has written B.wrote C.had written

14、 D.was writing7.-Hey,look where you are going!NMET 1999 第 24 題-Oh,Im terribly sorry,_.A.Im not noticing B.I wasnt noticing C.I havent noticed D.I dont notice8.The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it.NMET 2000 第25 題A.was travelling B.travelled C.had been travelling D.was to trave

15、l9.I need one more stamp before my collection _.NMET94年 38 題 A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed DBAD11.We want to sit at the table near the window.Im sorry,but it _already.A.was taken B.has been taken C.will be taken D.has taken13.The telephone had been ringing for sever

16、al minutes before it_A.answered B.had answered C.was answering D.was answered21.My watch has stopped.What time is it now?Sorry,my watch _.It _at the shop.A.was broken;was repaired B.is broken;is repairedC.is broken;is being repaired D.was broken was being repaired 22.I am terribly sorry for being la

17、te,but I _in the traffic jam.A.had been caught B.had caught C.was caught D.caught27.All the preparations for the task_and were ready to start.A.completed B.complete C.had been completed D.have been completed33.A new cinema _here.They hope to finish it next month.A.will be built B.is built C.has been

18、 built D is being built36.Visitors_not to touch the exhibits.A.will request B.request C.are requesting D.are requested38.This is Teds photo.We miss him a lot.He _trying to save a child in the earthquake.A.killed B.is killed C.was killed D.was killing31.Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes.A.lose

19、 B.will be lost C.are lost D.will lose3.B5 m3 非謂語動詞 V-ing V-ed to do含義：時間 主被動 其它進行進行主動主動過去過去被動被動將來、目的將來、目的 修飾物修飾物 修飾人的感受修飾人的感受 Book 6 module 2-3V-ing（后）&having done（先）作狀語：主動*Seen from a distance,the mountain looked like a man.Seeing the mountain,he always thinks of his hometown.固定搭配：固定搭配：Judging fro

20、m/by;generally speaking,considering everything;compared with/to*Her mother being ill,she had to look after her at home.His leg badly hurt,he had to stay in bed.1.“We cant go out in this weather,”said Bob,_ out of the window.A.looking B.to look C.looked D.having looked 2.The news reporters hurried to

21、 the airport,only _ the film stars had left.A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told3._ in the mountains for a week,the two students were finally saved by the local police.A.Having lost B.Lost C.Being lost D.Losing4._ in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A.Dressed B.To dress C.D

22、ressing D.Having dressed5._ in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait B.waiting C.Having waited D.WaitedABBAC1.I cannot understand _ such a well-paid job.A.him to give up B.him to have given up C.his giving up D.his being given up2.Janes summer

23、 vacation in England led to _ an Englishman.A.her marry B.her to marry C.her being married D.her marrying 3.She was sad because of _ any chance left.A.there being not B.there not being C.not there being D.there was not4.If you think a letter is too slow,why not _ a telegram?A.try to have sent B.tryi

24、ng to send C.to try to send D.try sending 5.There is no chance _ him today.A.in seeing B.to seeing C.of seeing D.about seeing 6.I know you like _.Would you like _ with me now?A.to swim,to swim B.swimming,swimmingC.swimming,to swim D.to swim,swimming7.Before _,the machine must be checked.A.being used

25、 B.using it C.being used to D.using 8.To give up _ means _.A.smoking,stopping smoking B.smoking,to stop smoking C.to smoke,to stop to smoke D.to smoke,stopping to smoke9.What do you think of the book?Oh,excellent.Its worth _ a second time.A.to read B.reading C.to be read D.being read 10.“What has ma

26、de you so upset?”“_ my new bike.”A.Lost B.Because of losing C.Since I lost D.Losing 11.I still remember _ to Beijing when I was six.A.to take B.taking C.having taking D.having been taken 12.Some foreigner used to _ on the left in their own countries,but now they have got used to _ on the right in ou

27、r country.A.driving,drive B.drive,drive C.drive,driving D.driving,driving13.He remained _ there,for he grew _ in many things there.A.staying,interesting B.staying,interested C.to stay,interest D.stayed,interested14.It is important for parents and young people to learn how to get through to each othe

28、r and develop skill in understanding and _.A.being understood B.to be understood C.understand D.understood15._ more trees is good for health and it is also important to stop waste from factories _ our surroundings.A.To plant,pollute B.Planting,to pollute C.Plant,polluting D.Planting,polluting 16.I w

29、ould appreciate _ back this afternoon.A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.youre calling 17.How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden?A.to take B.take C.taking D.to be taking18.“The light in the office is still on.”“Oh,I forgot _.”A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having

30、turned it off19.“I must apologize for _ ahead of time.”“Thats all right.”A.letting you not know B.not letting you knowC.letting you know not D.letting not you know20.It happened _ when I left the station,so I had to wait until the rain stopped.A.to be raining B.to have rained C.to rain D.raining 21.

31、_ more attention,the trees could have grown better.A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given22.Climbing mountains was _,so we all felt _.A.tiring;tired B.tired;tiring C.tiring;tiring D.tired;tired23.The _ morning,the father came into the lonely house,_ by his naughty boy.A.following;following B.foll

32、owed;followed C.following;followed D.followed;following24._ these pictures,I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing and _ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more magnificent.A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen25.Mrs White was glad to see t

33、he nurse _ after her son and her daughter and was also pleased to see children well _ care of in the nursery.A.looked;taken B.looking;taken C.looked;took D.looking;taking 26.I was fortunate to pick up a wallet _ on the ground on the way home,but unfortunately for me,I found my colour TV set _ when I

34、 got home.A.lying;stolen B.laying;stealing C.lay;stolen D.lying;stealing27._ better attention,the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in the sky and _ them light.A.Giving;given B.Given;given C.Giving;giving D.Given;giving28._ his head high,the manager walked into the roo

35、m to attend the meeting _ then.A.Holding;being held B.Held;holding C.Having held;held D.Held;to be held29._ but he still could not understand it.A.Told many times B.Having been told many timesC.He has been told many times D.Though he had been told many times30.On hearing the _ news,I was too _ to sl

36、eep.A.exciting;excited B.excited;exciting C.exciting;exciting D.excited;excited 4.B5 module5 狀語從句狀語從句的分類及各種連詞狀語從句的分類及各種連詞 時間狀語從句after,before,as soon as,since,when,till,while等I was reading when he entered the room.immediately 地點狀語從句Where,wherever等I have put the book where it was.原因狀語從句because,as,sinc

37、e,for等I dont want to go because I am tired of any party.In that 條件狀語從句if,unless,as long as,so long as等If you have known the news,please tell me now.讓步狀語從句though，although，however等I will not trust you although you have told me the truth.結果狀語從句so that，sothat,suchthat等He ran so fast that nobody could ca

38、tch up with him.目的狀語從句so that,in order that等I must leave now so that I can catch the last bus.方式狀語從句as,just as,as if,as though等We should do as the teacher told us.比較狀語從句asas,not soas,than等This house is bigger than that one.1、John shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surpris

39、e for party.(NMET 2002)A、which B、when C、so that D、as if2、The man will have to wait all day _ the doctor works faster.(京皖蒙2001春季)A、if B、unless C、whether D、that3、The WTO cant live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.(NMET 2000)A、as long as B、while C、if D

40、、even though1.答案C 解析：本題考察so that引導目的狀語從句。so that意思是“以便”，整句話的意思是“John把大家關在廚房外，其目的是為了自己能為宴會準備一件讓人感到意外的東西?！彼哉_答案為C。2.答案B 解析：本題考察unless引導條件狀語從句。unless意思是“除非”，根據句意“這個人要等上整整一天，除非醫生能夠快一些?！彼源鸢高xunless。3.答案C 解析：本題考察if引導的條件狀語從句。句中live up to意思是“配得上，對得起”，整句話的意思是“如果世貿組織不吸收一個擁有世界1/5人口的大國入會，這個組織就配不上她的名稱?！?，因此答案為C。

41、高考?？季湫停焊呖汲？季湫停篿t is since didit has been since didit will(not)be long beforedo/does不久就不久就it was(not)long before did不久就不久就 47.youve tried it,you cant imagine how pleasant it is.（06北京）A.Unless B.Because C.Although D.When 48.-How long do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon

42、?-Perhaps two or three years.（06福建）A.when B.until C.thatD.before 49.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada,this was a memory she especially treasured.（06廣東）A.as B.if C.when D.where 50.You cant have this football back you promise not to kick it at my cat again,the old m

43、an said firmly.（06廣東）A.because B.since C.when D.untilA D A D B 51.I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps.（06湖南）A.whileB.when C.since D.after 52._ environmental damage is done,it takes many years for the ecosystem(生態系統)to recover.（06江蘇）A.E

44、ven if B.If only C.While D.Once 53.He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears.（06遼寧）A.why B.whereC.whenD.while 54.he has limited technical knowledge,the old worker has a lot of experience.（06全國I）A.Since B.Unless C.As D.Although 55.Were just trying to teach a point _ both

45、 sides will sit down together and talk.（06 山東）A.whereB.that C.when D.which D C D A D 56.How can you expect to learn anything _ you never listen?（06山東）A.in case B.even if C.unless D.when 57.His plan was such a good one _we all agreed to accept it.（06 陜西）A.so B.and C.that D.as 58.This is a very intere

46、sting book.Ill buy it,_.（06 陜西）A.how much may it cost B.no matter how it may cost C.however much it may cost D.how may it cost 59.My parents were quarrelling about me _ I could not quite tell why.（06上海）A.since B.though C.if D.until 60.-Mom,what did your doctor say?-He advised me to live _ the air is

47、 fresher.（06四川）A.in where B.in which C.the place where D.where C C B DA 61.-Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?-He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word.（06四川）A.before B.until C.when D.after 62.The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain,_ the quality of life is probably

48、 one of the highest.（06天津）A.since B.when C.as D.while 63.If you are traveling the customs are really foreign to your own,please do as the Romans do.（06天津）A.in which B.what C.when D.where 64.In time of serious accidents，_ we know some basic things about first aid,we can save lives.（06重慶）A.whetherB.un

49、til C.if D.unless 65._ most of the earths surface is covered by water,fresh water is very rare and precious.（06上海春季）A.As B.Once C.If D.Although D D C D5.Book5 module 6The Attributive Clause定語從句定語從句 一、引導定語從句的關系詞一、引導定語從句的關系詞指代人指代人 whowho，whomwhom，thatthat指代事物指代事物 whichwhich，thatthat所屬關系所屬關系 whosewhose

50、，of whichof which指地點指地點 wherewhere指時間指時間 whenwhen指原因指原因 whywhy中國首家中國首家新課標免費新課標免費資源網（資源網（不必注冊，免費下載不必注冊，免費下載）請記住我們的網址：請記住我們的網址：二、關系代詞二、關系代詞that和和which在很多情況下可以互在很多情況下可以互換，但下列情況只用換，但下列情況只用that。All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand?There is little _ can be believed ab

51、out it.The book doesnt say much _ amuses children.that thatthat that先行詞是先行詞是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代詞，引導定語從句用等不定代詞，引導定語從句用that。Hamburg is the most beautiful city _Ive ever seen.This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the

52、 History Museum.thatthatthat先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾時，先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾時，引導定語從句用引導定語從句用that。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.No sample _ we nave received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time.that that that that先行詞被先行詞被

53、any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修飾時，引導定語從句用修飾時，引導定語從句用that。The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc.thatthat先行詞中既有人又有事物時，引導定語從先行詞中既有人又有事物時，引導定語從句用句用that.

54、Who _ you have ever seen can do it better?Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow?that thatWho做先行詞時，引導定語從句用做先行詞時，引導定語從句用that。Well done!三、不用三、不用that，而用，而用which，who，whom的情況的情況He made the same mistakes again,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan

55、.Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定語從句中，指事物用在非限制性定語從句中，指事物用which，指人用指人用who或或whom。Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang,w

56、ith _ I went to the concert,enjoy it very much.whichwhichwhich在介詞后面，指事物用在介詞后面，指事物用which，指人用，指人用whom。注意：如何判斷介詞The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.1、看定語從句中動詞與介詞的搭配、看定語從句中動詞與介詞的搭配foron3、根據先行詞判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞、根據先行詞判斷，所用的介詞

57、與先行詞 搭配搭配The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.This is our classroom,_ which there is a teachers desk.atin the front of2、看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配、看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fisherme

58、n and help them by finding or even catching fish,_ all of which activities dolphins are expert.withinThe committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women.The book contains 50 poems,most of _ was written in 1930s.There are two left,one of _ is almost finished,and the other of _ is not quite.I have a

59、 sentence,the meaning of _ I dont understand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名詞名詞/代詞代詞/數詞數詞+of+which/whomWhere 引導的定語從句引導的定語從句。先行詞是表示地點的名詞或含有地點意義的抽先行詞是表示地點的名詞或含有地點意義的抽象名詞，用引導定語從句。從句做狀語。象名詞，用引導定語從句。從句做狀語。This is the town where(=in which)I spent my childhood.The table where(=at which)she is sitting is a new on

60、e.Ill show you the paint where you failed.注意注意 1 1若定語從句缺主語或謂語，用若定語從句缺主語或謂語，用which或或that引導定語從句。引導定語從句。The library _ students often study was on fire last night.The library,_ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.wherewhichwhich注意注意 2 2區分區分where引導

61、的定語從句和狀引導的定語從句和狀語從句語從句Where前面有被修飾的地點名詞時，是定語從句，否前面有被修飾的地點名詞時，是定語從句，否則則是狀語從句。When you read books,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When you read books,you had better make a mark where you have any questions.When 引導的定語從句。引導的定語從句。先行詞是表示時間的名詞，用先行詞是表示時間的名詞，用when引導定引導定語從句。

62、從句作狀語。語從句。從句作狀語。Ill never forget the day when(=on which)I met you.This was the time when (=at which)he left for Beijing.We will put off the outing until next week,when we wont be busy.注意注意：若定語從句缺主語或賓語，用若定語從句缺主語或賓語，用which或或that引導定語從句。引導定語從句。Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.Ill neve

63、r forget the time _ I spent on campus.Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.whenwhichthatwhichthatwhy引導的定語從句。引導的定語從句。先行詞是表示原因的名詞，用先行詞是表示原因的名詞，用why引導定語從句。引導定語從句。Why在從句中作狀語。在從句中作狀語。This is the reason why(=for which)I didnt come here.但是也要注意：不是每句都能這樣。但是也要注意：不是每句都能這樣。The reason _ she gave was no

64、t true.whichthatwhose 引導的定語從句。引導的定語從句。表示所屬關系。表示所屬關系。The river _ banks are covered with trees flows into the sea.whoseThere are 20 students in this class,_ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whomC.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whoseAs 引導限制性定語從句時，先行詞常有such 和 the same

65、 修飾，as 在從句中不省略。as也常修飾整個句子，可放在句末，甚至句中或句首。For example:He has bought the same type of bike as I have.Such teachers as know Tom think him brightAs we know,China is a developing country.He,as we expected,came to the party on time.6.Book 5 Function情態動詞情態動詞-推測推測must+have+-ed分詞:用于肯定句,表示推測過去某事“肯定,一定，準是”發生了。其

66、否定形式為：cant/couldnt have v-ed,表示過去不可能發生某事。may(might)+have+-ed 分詞:用于肯定句和其他否定句,表示對已發生事情的不肯定的推測,意為“可能可能,大概大概”,其中might較may語氣更弱,把握更小。Can/could用于否定或疑問句中,表示對過去發生的事件的“懷疑或不肯定”。could 比can更表示說話人語氣的不肯定。例如：I mailed that letter a week ago.He must have received it.我一周前就發出了那封信,想必他一定收到了。I cant find my keys.I may/might have left them at the school yesterday.Jack cant have arrived yet,otherwise he would have telephoned me.（上海1997）It couldnt have been Mr.Smith.He has gone to China.不太可能是史密斯先生。他已去了中國。另外，注意may不可用于疑問句，它